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Readers’ Reflections: China’s innovation success is real global news, landing in the living rooms of Italian retirees who barely use a smartphone: Italian scientist_我的网站
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Editor's Note:
Ahead of the opening of the 2026 World AI Conference and High-Level Meeting on Global AI Governance, Chinese AI start-up Moonshot AI released its Kimi K3 large language model. As the world's largest open-source model by parameter count to date, this launch marks a significant step forward in the development of China's artificial intelligence models.
From the C919 airliner soaring into the skies to Unitree's humanoid robots stealing the show; from DeepSeek pushing the AI frontier to Moonshot AI's landmark unveiling of Kimi K3 - China's wave of homegrown innovations has dominated global headlines in recent years, delivering a steady stream of breakthroughs.
At a meeting in Beijing that brought together the national science and technology award conference, the general assemblies of the members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE), and the 11th national congress of the China Association for Science and Technology in July, Chinese President Xi Jinping, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, stressed that the 15th Five-Year Plan period (2026-2030) is a critical phase for tackling tough challenges in building up the country's strength in science and technology.
"We must seize the historic opportunity, rise to the challenges of the times, accelerate efforts to achieve high-level self-reliance and strength in science and technology, and make steady progress toward the 2035 goal of becoming a leading country in science and technology," he said.
In the article "Strive for Greater Strength and Self-Reliance in Science and Technology" included in the fourth volume of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, Xi pointed out, "Through years of endeavor, our country's overall strength in science and technology has improved substantially. We therefore have a solid foundation, and are fully confident in our ability to seize the opportunities offered by the new revolution in science, technology and industry to achieve greater results." The article also mentioned that "We should participate to the full in global science and technology governance, contribute Chinese wisdom, and shape a philosophy of technology for good purposes, so that science and technology better serve human wellbeing, and enable China's science and technology industry to contribute more to building a global community of shared future."
In the 27th installment of the special series "Decoding the Book Xi Jinping: The Governance of China," the Global Times, along with the People's Daily Overseas Edition, continues to invite Chinese and foreign scholars, translators of Xi's works, practitioners with firsthand experience, and international readers to focus on the theme of striving for greater strength and self-reliance in science and technology. Together, they share views on China's tech growth, governance principles, and global cooperation in science and technology.
In the 27th article of the "Readers' Reflections" column, Global Times (GT) talked to Francesco Faiola (Faiola), an Italian professor at the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences with Chinese Academy of Sciences and recipient of the Chinese Government Friendship Award.
GT: Chinese President Xi Jinping delivered a keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the 2026 World AI Conference and High-Level Meeting on Global AI Governance on July 17. He said that as a responsible major country, China is always committed to providing international public goods relating to AI. In the article "Boost Basic Research and Achieve Greater Strength and Self-Reliance in Science and Technology" included in the fifth volume of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, Xi said, "It is important that we adopt a more open-minded approach to international exchange and cooperation in research to create an open, globally competitive innovation ecosystem." Amid the current complex global landscape, China remains firmly committed to keeping its doors open to international scientific collaboration. In your view, where does China's confidence in this commitment come from?
Faiola: I think China's confidence in staying open comes from a deep shift in mindset. The Chinese people, especially the scientific community, now really believe they are not inferior to Westerners. For a long time, even many people here thought top science had to happen at a Western address. When I first came, I believed that too. The US and Europe seemed like the only serious places for breakthroughs. Now that idea is changing, and moving toward China, because the evidence of leadership is everywhere: stem cell standards, artificial intelligence (AI) efficiency, green manufacturing. It's undeniable. China knows it has everything needed to attract and keep international talent. It's no longer a developing country playing catch up. It's a place that's helping set the global agenda.
That self-assurance is the bedrock of openness. When you truly believe you have unique strengths, like a huge organoid screening capability or a community of scientists who think deeply, you don't fear open doors. You want colleagues from everywhere to walk through so the science moves faster. My own lab works with European centers as equals. That parity is real. But we also know not everyone abroad gets this transformation yet. A lot of people still imagine Chinese science as just following others. That's exactly why China is pushing openness harder: funding lines for foreign principal investigators, open innovation hubs in Beijing, active participation in setting international standards. These aren't defensive moves. They're proof of a country confident enough to invite the world in, show what it can do, and create knowledge together.
On a deeper level, the confidence is also just rational. The big challenges - environmental problem, pandemic preparedness and precision medicine - are global. If China closed itself off, the data and validation its own regulators need would get weaker. So, the open door isn't charity. It's the smart recognition that scientific greatness today gets multiplied when you share it.
GT: In the article "Strive for Greater Strength and Self-Reliance in Science and Technology" included in the fourth volume of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, Xi pointed out, "Through years of endeavor, our country's overall strength in science and technology has improved substantially. We therefore have a solid foundation, and are fully confident in our ability to seize the opportunities offered by the new revolution in science, technology and industry to achieve greater results." From the domestically built large passenger jet to DeepSeek, Unitree Robotics, and Moonshot AI's Kimi K3, China's innovation achievements have been making headlines. How do you assess China's achievements in sci-tech innovation in recent years?
Faiola: I measure China's innovation success in a very personal way. My parents are old, living in a small Italian town. They don't speak English. They don't understand molecular biology. They can't read a scientific paper. But over the past few years, they've called me up more than once, excited, telling me about a Chinese airplane or a humanoid robot or some AI breakthrough they saw on Italy's main TV news or in the newspapers.
That tells me something deep. These aren't niche stories for tech insiders. They are real global news, landing in the living rooms of retirees who barely use a smartphone. I'm not bragging to them about China's progress. They are telling me. When achievements get that far into everyday European life, it's a sign China is doing something the world finds worth talking about.
The C919 plane, DeepSeek, Unitree Robotics - these aren't one-off hits. They prove China can now conceive, design, and build complex, original systems on its own, whether it's an airliner, an advanced AI model, or an agile robot. That takes deep integration across different fields, aerodynamics, materials, real time control, and AI.
DeepSeek's whole philosophy, doing more with less, is exactly how we created affordable organoid screening tools. And the quiet shift from rule taker to rule maker in chemical safety standards, that mirrors the C919's ambition to compete globally on certification. All this shows China is blending manufacturing, digital smarts, and biology into one force. But my real proof is what I hear from my students. They don't just apply discoveries from papers anymore. They question the assumptions behind them. That intellectual confidence, and the fact it echoes all the way back to a small Italian town, is why I'm sure China will fully seize this moment.
GT: President Xi said that AI development should not be a solo performance by a single country, but a symphony of international cooperation. Having conducted research in China for many years, you are not only a witness but also a driving force behind China-Europe scientific exchanges. Looking ahead, how can both sides deepen complementary advantages and achieve mutually beneficial empowerment to jointly address global challenges such as climate change and health? Over the next five years, which specific sectors should China-Europe science and technology collaboration prioritize?
Faiola: I grew up in Italy and now I lead a lab in Beijing while working with colleagues all over Europe. So, China-Europe teamwork isn't some abstract idea to me. It's how my week actually looks. The old cliché, European basic research plus Chinese scale and speed, is already outdated. Both sides now generate novel insights. The relationship has to become genuine two-way cocreation.
I see three practical things that would deepen it. First, we need truly joint funding: one grant, one integrated team, maybe a Max Planck group and a Chinese Academy of Sciences group, with a single scientific plan and students who genuinely rotate between the labs. Second, we need to harmonize regulations and ethics for organoid technologies. Europe has advanced thinking on governance. China has manufacturing scale and the drive to get things into clinics. If we co-develop shared quality and ethical standards for organoid testing, we basically set the global benchmark. A liver organoid made in Europe could then be used directly for a toxicity screen in China without repeating all the validation. Third, we need deliberate talent circulation, not a zero-sum competition. Joint PhD programs where a student naturally moves between continents.
The science doesn't care about borders. If we build the shared tools now, China and Europe can show the world a model where shared knowledge beats division.
GT: Recently, some Western media and think tanks are peddling "China Shock 2.0," claiming that China is achieving fast development in high-tech sectors such as renewable energy and AI and relies on foreign markets to absorb its overcapacity, thus reducing the market share of developed countries and sending more serious shock waves to the global economy compared with the era of traditional manufacture industry. What's your comment on this? In your view, does this represent a new pretext for Western protectionism, or is it an unavoidable external misunderstanding amid China's industrial upgrading?
Faiola: I'm a bench scientist, not a political analyst. I stick to what I can see and measure in my own work. So, I'm not going to guess what the media or think tanks intend. I'll just tell you what the facts show me, and from my lab, the "China Shock 2.0" story just doesn't match up.
In my field of stem cell toxicology, the world is desperate for human relevant safety tests to replace animal testing. Tens of thousands of chemicals still don't have proper hazard data. When Chinese labs turn out high throughput organoid platforms at a fraction of the old cost, that's not dumping "overcapacity" into a full market. It's filling a huge shortage. A researcher in Brazil or Kenya suddenly gets access to a toxicity screen that never existed for them before. Demand is skyrocketing, not standing still. Meeting that demand is a service, not a shock.
With AI, it's the same pattern. DeepSeek's efficiency makes it cheaper and easier for biomedical researchers around the world to use these tools. It's helping create new markets, not stealing a fixed pie. Sure, any big shift causes some dislocation. The answer to that is domestic support and transition policies, not blocking technologies that help solve planetary problems.
。 出口量连创新高今年以来，我国汽车出口提速。中汽协数据显示，8月份，汽车企业出口30.8万辆，再创历史新高，首次实现单月出口超过30万辆。今年前8月，汽车企业出口181.7万辆，同比增长52.8%。分车型看，前8月，乘用车出口144.6万辆，同比增长56.4%；商用车出口37.1万辆，同比增长40.2%。中汽协副总工程师许海东告诉记者，乘用车主要包括轿车、SUV和MPV等车型，目前我国SUV在国际市场的比较优势相对明显。
二 | 自主品牌车企是我国汽车出口的生力军。前8月，上汽集团海外出口及海外基地销售量累计达到57.99万辆，同比增长56.67%；8月份，上汽集团海外销量高达10.1万辆，同比增长65.7%，占总销量近20%。前8月，奇瑞集团出口累计超25万辆，同比增长51.1%，占总销量的三分之一。
三 | 业内人士分析，在上汽和奇瑞销售结构中，出口份额占比已达20%至40%，这是一个前所未有的成就，越来越多车企正从“中国的车企”迈向“世界级车企”。从出口目的地看，海外市场分布更为稳定和集中，形成亚洲、拉丁美洲和欧洲三足鼎立的格局。得益于中国汽车工业实力增强、产业链相对完整以及性价比优势，近年来，中国汽车在部分国家和地区的细分市场已经形成较强影响力。新能源汽车领跑在全球推进汽车电动化的背景下，中国新能源汽车在海外市场的表现同样可圈可点。中汽协数据显示，今年以来，我国新能源汽车出口持续增长。前8月，新能源汽车出口34.1万辆，同比增长97.4%，对汽车出口贡献率达到了26.7%。值得关注的是，与传统燃油车不同，新能源汽车主要出口到发达国家市场。
四 | 据统计，出口到发达国家的销量占比高达85.6%。比亚迪唐和汉、东风风光ix5、小鹏G3、爱驰U5、赛力斯3等国产自主品牌乘用车电动车型先后出口欧洲；宇通、金龙、比亚迪等新能源客车产品在欧美、中东也有很好表现。
五 | 与此同时，中国新能源汽车走出国门也不再沿袭“低价换市场”的老路。许海东介绍，2021年，出海欧洲的自主品牌新能源汽车平均单价为3万美元(约合人民币20.2万元)，表明自主品牌在海外市场已经具备一定话语权。蔚来汽车董事长李斌告诉记者，蔚来汽车的挪威订单需求超出预期，在所有订单中，92%的用户选择了BaaS。蔚来的产品、服务和创新商业模式不仅适用中国市场，在全球市场上也具有其独特价值和优势。许海东认为，我国新能源汽车出口之所以能保持较高增速，与竞争力不断提升密不可分。近年来，我国明确了新能源汽车发展方向，不断完善相关规划和政策体系，为新能源汽车产业提供了良好的发展环境。新能源汽车行业依托国内拥有超大规模市场优势，在相对完整产业链支撑下，制造水平持续提升。同时，随着“双碳”发展理念的普及，国际市场对新能源汽车的需求也快速增长。麦肯锡在一份报告中指出，中国电动车领军企业具有明显优势，拥有极具未来感的内饰设计，以及丰富的车联网功能。欧洲车企如果想匹配同样的能力，报价则要高得多。“走出去”需长期规划中汽协预测，今年我国汽车出口有望超过240万辆，销量占比有望逼近10%，成为我国汽车产销量的重要组成部分。实际上，根据前8个月数据，240万辆的预测或许有些保守。中汽协常务副会长兼秘书长付炳锋表示，在汽车产业逐步回归正轨后，仍需关注制约产业发展的诸多不确定性因素。比如，国际环境更趋复杂严峻，世界经济复苏放缓，全球通胀压力居高不下，以及动力电池原材料价格出现上涨苗头、国内疫情多点散发等多重因素为产业链供应链带来不确定性，需要行业密切关注并及时采取有效应对措施。
六 | 除了外部环境，汽车出海还面临着新的挑战。中国机电产品进出口商会汽车分会孙晓红认为，在各方对行业高速发展寄予美好期望的同时，也应该清醒地看到，目前我国汽车产品贸易的主要方式还停留在一般贸易阶段，海外投资设厂规模远不及跨国汽车制造商，配套供应链自主性和品牌影响力仍在建设之中，不能仅靠出口数据来评价一国汽车产品的竞争力。
七 | 由单纯的贸易模式，向品牌“走出去”模式转变，正成为部分中国车企出海的新目标。9月16日，蔚来在匈牙利佩斯州投资建设的蔚来能源欧洲工厂完成首座换电站下线，这是蔚来在海外建设的第一座工厂，也是蔚来加电产品的欧洲制造中心、服务中心和研发中心。上汽集团已经在海外建立了伦敦、硅谷、特拉维夫3大研发创新中心，拥有98个生产研发基地。许海东表示，目前来看，中国汽车出海仍以贸易为主，海外直接投资较少。未来，随着出口量不断增加，车企在海外市场的产品设计、供应链、管理和服务，以及二手车体系建设都要跟上。全球化发展是车企做大做强的必由之路，也是我国成为汽车强国的重要体现，有实力的企业要勇于开拓。工业和信息化部近日表示，未来将结合产业发展形势和企业需求，加大政策法规、消费金融、信用保险等政策供给，助力中国品牌“走出去”。
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